Chromatin Inc. researchers have developed an artificial chromosome for corn plants.

The “maize mini-chromosomes” (MMCs) are constructed from small rings of naturally occurring plant DNA and can be used to transport multiple genes at once into embryonic plants, where they are expressed, duplicated as plant cells divide, and passed on to the next generation — a long-term goal for those interested in improving agricultural productivity.

“This technology could be used to increase the hardiness, yield and nutritional content of crops,” said Daphne Preuss, PhD, professor of molecular genetics and cell biology at the University of Chicago and chief scientific officer and president of Chromatin, Inc.

“It could improve the production of ethanol or other biofuels. It could enable plants to make complex biochemicals, such as medicines, at very little expense.”

Preuss and colleagues have constructed MMCs that contain DNA sequences found in maize centromeres, the chromosomal regions needed for inheritance. Rather than inserting the new genes randomly into a plant’s natural chromosomes, these mini-chromosomes remain separate. As a result, the new genes can be arranged in a defined sequence, with each gene surrounded by the desired regulatory mechanisms.

Preuss and colleagues hope to apply the technology to other plants, including sugar cane and switch grass, which could also serve as biofuel.

Monsanto Company purchased non-exclusive rights to use Chromatin’s mini-chromosome stacking technology in corn, cotton, soybeans, and canola.

Chromatin news release