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Scientists transplant neural stem cells from a monkey’s skin into its brain

Proof-of-principle study raises hope for personalized regenerative medicine, possible future Parkinson's treatment
March 19, 2013

University of Wisconsin-Madison scientists have transplanted neural cells derived from stem cells from a monkey’s skin into its brain and watched the cells develop into several types of mature brain cells.

After six months, the cells looked entirely normal, and were only detectable because they initially were tagged with a fluorescent protein.

The transplanted cells came from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), which can, like embryonic stem… read more

Topics: Biomed/Longevity | Biotech | Cognitive Science/Neuroscience | Innovation/Entrepreneurship

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Engineered artificial human livers for drug testing and discovery

March 18, 2013

web_IBN-Cellulosic-Scaffold

Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN) researchers have engineered an artificial human liver that mimics the natural tissue environment closely.

The development makes it possible for companies to predict the toxicity of new drugs earlier, potentially speeding up the drug development process and reducing the cost of manufacturing.

The liver is an important target organ for drug testing because all drugs pass through it… read more

Topics: Biomed/Longevity | Nanotech/Materials Science

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Boyden to share prestigious brain prize

March 18, 2013

brain_prize_2013

Ed Boyden, a faculty member in the MIT Media Lab and the McGovern Institute for Brain Research, was named a recipient of the 2013 Grete Lundbeck European Brain Research Prize. The 1 million Euro prize is awarded for the development of optogenetics, a technology that makes… read more

Topics: Biotech | Cognitive Science/Neuroscience

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Hey, at least you can be virtually immortal

March 18, 2013

ellis island

Where their grandparents may have left behind a few grainy photos, a death certificate or a record from Ellis Island, retirees today have the ability to leave a cradle-to-grave record of their lives, The New York Times reports.

Two major forces are driving virtual immortality. The first and most obvious: inexpensive video cameras and editing programs, personal computers and social media sites like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.… read more

Topics: Social Networking/Web/Education | Social/Ethical/Legal

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A cancer gene therapy activated by a pill

March 18, 2013

ZIOPHARM_Logo

A unique new cancer treatment uses gene therapy to induce a cancer-fighting immune response whose intensity can then be controlled with a pill. The combination could help tailor treatment to a patient’s individual response, MIT Technology Review reports.

The treatment uses the body’s own cells or tumor cells to produce extra copies of a naturally occurring hormone-like molecule called IL-12, which regulates anticancer immune responses. Last week,… read more

Topics: Biomed/Longevity | Biotech

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Paramount acquires science-fiction novel ‘Nexus’

March 18, 2013

Nexus

Paramount Pictures has acquired screen rights to Nexus, the science fiction novel by Ramez Naam, to be produced by Mary Parent of Disruption for Darren Aronofsky’s Protozoa.

The author, former CEO of Apex Nanotechnology, is the author of the nonfiction book More Than Human: Embracing The Promise Of Biological Enhancement.

Here’s the plot from Amazon:

In the near future,… read more

Topics: Biotech | Cognitive Science/Neuroscience | Entertainment/New Media | Human Enhancement | Nanotech/Materials Science | Singularity/Futures

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Ten extraordinary Pentagon mind experiments

March 15, 2013

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Duke University experiments in connecting the brains of two rats through implanted electrodes and the planned Brain Activity Map project reflect a growing Pentagon interest in neuroscience for applications that range from such far-off ideas as teleoperation of military devices (think mind-controlled drones), to more near-term and less controversial technology, like prosthetics controlled by the human brain, BBC Future reports.… read more

Topics: Cognitive Science/Neuroscience | Survival/Defense

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Formation of carbon-based life leave little room for error

March 15, 2013

Light quark mass determines carbon and oxygen production and the viability of carbon-based life (credit: Dean Lee and NASA)

Life as we know it is based primarily on the elements carbon and oxygen.

Now a team of physicists, including one from North Carolina State University, is looking at the conditions necessary to the formation of those two elements in the universe.

They’ve found that when it comes to supporting life, the universe leaves very little margin for error.

Both carbon and oxygen… read more

Topics: Biotech | Physics/Cosmology | Space

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Drug treatment corrects autism symptoms in mouse model

March 15, 2013

Cerebral abnormalities corrected by antipurinergic drug therapy. (C) Mouse given a viral infection, showing a malformed, growth-stunted post-synaptic density. (D) Treated mouse restoration of near-normal post-synaptic density (arrow) and reduction in abnormal accumulations of electron-dense matrix material. (Credit: Robert K. Naviaux et al., PLoS ONE)

Autism is thought to result from abnormal cell communication. Testing a new theory, researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have used a newly discovered function of an old drug called suramin — used medically for the treatment of African sleeping sickness — to restore cell communications in a mouse model of autism, reversing symptoms of the devastating disorder.

The findings… read more

Topics: Biomed/Longevity | Cognitive Science/Neuroscience

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In the developing world, MOOCs start to get real

March 15, 2013

Some of the 19 Coursera courses on AI and robotics (credit: Coursera)

Students in countries like India and Brazil have been signing up in droves for these massive open online courses, or MOOCs, offered for free from top-tier universities, such as Stanford, MIT, and Harvard.

Yet in the world’s poorest regions, where even reliable high-speed Internet access capable of streaming course lecture videos is hard to come by, delivering a useful education to the masses is clearly not a straightforward operation,… read more

Topics: Social Networking/Web/Education | Social/Ethical/Legal

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Events in the future seem closer than those in the past

We tend to feel closer to the future because we feel like we’re moving toward it
March 15, 2013

Screen capture of a virtual environment for testing time perception (credit: Caruso E M et al./Psychological Science)

We say that time flies, it marches on, it flows like a river — our descriptions of time are closely linked to our experiences of moving through space.

Now, new research suggests that the illusions that influence how we perceive movement through space also influence our perception of time. The findings provide evidence that our experiences of space and time have even more in common than previously… read more

Topics: Cognitive Science/Neuroscience

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Texting or some hands-free talking behind the wheel is as dangerous as being over the limit

March 15, 2013

Answering messages behind the wheel is as dangerous as being twice over the limit (credit: SINC)

Using a handsfree kit or sending text messages is the same as being above the legal alcohol limit, an experiment by Scientists from  Australian universities in collaboration with the University of Barcelona has demonstrated.

The Australian universities of Wollongong, Victoria, Swinburne of Technology, the Institute for Breathing and Sleep, and the University of Barcelona measured the reaction capacity behind the wheel of 12 healthy volunteers who participated… read more

Topics: Cognitive Science/Neuroscience | Social/Ethical/Legal

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Non-action video-game playing may enhance specific cognitive skills

Regular game play improves performance on tasks that use mental processes similar to those in those video games
March 15, 2013

(Credit: Big Fish Games)

Playing video games for an hour each day can improve subsequent performance on cognitive tasks that use mental processes similar to those involved in the game, according to research published March 13 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE.

Previous evidence points to a causal link between playing action video games and enhanced cognition and perception. But what about the benefits of playing other types of video games?… read more

Topics: Cognitive Science/Neuroscience | Entertainment/New Media

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New results indicate that new particle is a Higgs boson

March 14, 2013

An example of simulated data modelled for the CMS particle detector on the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Here, following a collision of two protons, a Higgs boson is produced which decays into two jets of hadrons and two electrons. The lines represent the possible paths of particles produced by the proton-proton collision in the detector while the energy these particles deposit is shown in blue. (Image credit: CERN)

At the recent Moriond Conference, the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) presented preliminary new results, finding that the new particle is looking more and more like a Higgs boson, the particle linked to the mechanism that gives mass to elementary particles.

It remains an open question, however, whether this is the Higgs… read more

Topics: Physics/Cosmology

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Ultra-high-speed optical communications link sets new power efficiency record

March 14, 2013

optical communication link

Ultrafast supercomputers that operate at speeds 100 times faster than current systems may now be one step closer to reality.

A team of IBM researchers working on a U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)-funded program have found a way to transmit massive amounts of data with unprecedented low-power consumption. They increased the speed by 66 percent while cutting the power in half, compared to the previous… read more

Topics: Electronics | Energy | Internet/Telecom

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